Breast reduction is usually performed by an incision made encircling the areola, then down the lower central part of the breast, and curving sideways at the base of the breast. This is commonly known as the "anchor-shaped incision". Then, through this incision, tissue, fat, and skin are removed. After that, the nipple and areola are moved into their new position and the skin formerly on top of the nipple is brought down and around the areola to give new shape and contour. After this, the incision is stitched closed.

Most of the time, the nipples and areolas remain attached to their blood vessels and nerves. However, the surgeon may decide to completely cut off the nipples and areolas from the breast if the breasts are sagging too low. After the excess breast tissue is removed, the nipples and areolas are grafted back in place. In this instance, loss of feeling is likely to occur.

Some patients and doctors opt for reduction via liposuction. Here, only tiny incisions are done to insert a small tube attached to a vacuum that will suck out the fat from the breast. This technique causes little scarring and has a faster rate of recovery but the downside is that the breasts may sag more later on.

Whatever the technique employed, the whole surgical procedure is done under general anesthesia, which means that the patient will be unconscious. Hospital stays after surgery may range from an overnight stay to as long as a week. Some patients can even recover fast enough to go home the same day.

After breast reduction surgery, the patient is wrapped in a surgical bra. The patient should expect some pain during the healing process. The doctor will prescribe pain medication for pain relief. The bandages may be removed after two days but the surgical bra should be worn for a couple of weeks. This is to protect the shape of the breasts while there is still swelling and bruising. It is important that the patient pay attention to her diet and other health advice post-operation in order to facilitate the healing process.

Other than the pain, the patient will also have to watch out for the first menstruation after surgery wherein swelling, shooting pains, and loss of feeling in the nipples and skin due to the swelling. The shooting pains are not really that painful and will eventually fade away after a few months. Dry skin is also a side effect after breast reduction surgery and applying moisturizer is a must.
Tags: breast, reduction, areola, nipple

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